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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

L. MLLER.

FILE.

Patented Aug. 31, 1886.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. L. MULLER.

(No Model.)

FILE.

No. 348,290. Patented Aug. 31, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUDVIG MLLER, OF DRESDEN, SAXONY, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO ,OTTO LOEFFLER, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

FILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348.290, dated August 31, 1886.

Application filed May 11, 1886. Serial No. 201,829.

(No model.) Patented in Germany January 1, 1884, No. 27,840 in England May `21, 1884, No. 8,000; in France May 30, 1884, No. 162,465; in BelgiuiuMay 30, 1884, No. 05,320; in Austria-Hungary Julv30,1884, No. 20,574 and No. 31,201 in Denmark December, 20, 18871. No. 1,873; in Sweden February 10, 1885, and in Norway April 1, 1885.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, LUDWIG MLLER, of Dresden, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Files, (for which Letters Patent have heretofore been granted to me in Germany, No. 27,846, dated January 1, 1884; in France No. 162,465, May 30, 1884; in Belgium No. 65,329, May 30, 1884; in Great Britain No. 8,006, May 21, 1884; in Austria- Hungary No. 20,574 and No. 34,261, July 30, 1884; in Denmark No. 1,873, December 20, 1884; in Sweden February 10, 1885, and in Norway April 1, 1885,) of which the following is a specification.

rIhe invention relates to an improved contruction of les, so that the teeth can be sharpened on the surface of a grindston'e without tempering the same at a considerable saving of time and labor; and the invention consists of a tile the body of which is formed of a series of steel plates or teeth which have beveled and serrated edges, a eentral opening, and side recesses. Through the center openings of the steel plates or teeth is passed a stock that is provided with a handle at one end and a detachable abutment at the other end, the steel plates or teeth being locked to the stock by a longitudinal feather or key and a clamping device interposed between the teeth and the handle.

The invention consists, further, of a clampingframe for sharpening the plates or teeth of the tile, said frame being composed of side plates having longitudinal tongues fitting into the side recesses of the steel plates, and a longitudinal top plate and clamps having central and side screws by which the side and top plates are set to the steel plates, so as to hold them in inclined position for sharpening them on a grindstone.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents avertical longitudinal section of my improved iile. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a top view; Fig. 4, a side elevation, with parts broken away, of the file and its clamping-frame, showing the tile in position for sharpening its steel plates or teeth. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section of Fig. 4. Fig.

6 is avertical transverse section of the iile,and Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively ahorizontal section and an end view of an individual steel plate or tooth of the file.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, a a represent a series of steel plates or teeth, which form together the body of my improved tile. Each steel plate or tooth a is beveled at two opposite ends and ribbed at one side so as to iorm beveled serrated edges at opposite ends of each tooth. An opening of oblong shape is arranged at the center of each steel plate or tooth, a, through which a stock, I), of the same width but somewhat smaller height is passed. rllhe straight intermediate sides of the steel plates or teeth a a are provided with recesses a a', as shown in Figs. 2, 6, and 8. rlhe stock b is provided at one end with a threaded shank, b', to which a handle, d, is applied, by means of a eountersunk screw, l1., that is screwed into the socket-,shaped end of the shank b', as shown in Fig. l. handle d and the body of the steel plates or teeth a is interposed a sleeve, e, and a screwnut, g, which latter can be set forward or backward on the threaded shank of the stock, so as to clamp the steel plates or teeth rigidly together against a sleeve-shaped abutment, f, that is attached to the outer end of the stock b. A key or feather, c, is inserted between the stock b and the centrally-recessed steel plates or teeth a a, and extended longitudinally through all the central openings of the teeth a and through the abutment f. The abutment f is attached to the end of the stock b and the feather c by rivets or screws f', which are passed transversely through the same and the abutment, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to support it rigidly in position and permit the clamping of the body of steel plates or teeth a between it and the clamping device between the han dle and steel plates. By removing the abutment the stock can be removed from the steel plates and taken apart for replacing one or more of the individual steel plates in case it should be required. l

The le can be used at the top and bottom Between the sides in the usual manner. When the teeth become dull by use, the rivets f and abutment f are detached and the feather e removed, so that all the steel plates or teeth a can be set into an inclined position to the stock b, as shown in Fig. 4. In this position they are placed into a clamping-frame, F, that consists of two side plates, i, a top plate, @and transverse clamps Z. The side plates, i, are pro- Io vided with longitudinal tongues o, which fit, into the side recesses, a', of the steel plates ou teeth a, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

Between the top plate, n, and the steel plates or teeth a a is interposed a rubber strip that Y protects the upperteeth of the steel platesa.

Theside plates, i, andA topplate, n, arerigidly secured to the side recesses and top part of the steel plates a by the U-shaped clamps Z, which areiprovided with central screws, p, for thetop zo platev and end screws,.; m., for. the side pla tes as shown, `clearly in Figs.. 4 and 5.

When the steel plates a are rigidly secured in incl-ined positionin the clampingframe F,

the lower beveled edges of the steel` platesA are z5 in one and the same plane, so4 thatthe edges can be quickly andconveniently sharpenedwhile in this'. position upon ,thel surface of the grindstone without requiring tempering.

When one side of the file is thus sharpenedl o the body of thesteel platesl is `detached from the clamping-frame and the same turnedfon the stock` b into` an inclined ,position opposite tothe former positionfof they same, so that.

theupper edges are in one plane. rIhe body of steel platespisthen again placed inthe.v

clamping-frame vF, butinsucha-.manner thatY the sharpened edges are at thetop and the unsharpened edges at the bottom, the steel platesl being then clamped again/by thescrews mand: io p, asbefore, so thatthe unsharpened edges.

are in .one plane and can `be readily sharpened on the grindstone. The sharpening of the teeth of the'fleis thus accomplished .with great facility, as it requiresV simply the'change of l5 position of; the teeth froma position at `right angles tothe stock into an inclinedv position thereto and back again, andthe teeth sharpcned `without tempering, while a very powerful efficient double file is obtained.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A le consisting of a supporting-stock,

a series. of steel plates or teeth having central openings, and side recesses, a feather or key interposed between` the stock and steel plates, and an abutment at one end of the stock, and a clamping device attached to the other ends 'of the stock for clamping the teeth in position onhthe stock, substantially as set forth.

2.A The combination of a supporting-stock, a series.. of steel plates or teeth having central openings and'side recesses, a feather or key interposed f betweenl the stockand the steel plates, asleeve-shaped abutment attached to the outer end of the stock and key, a handle attached to thev opposite end, and a clampinglthe side recessesof lthe teeth, a top plate and U-shaped clamps having setfscrews for the side4 and top plates, substantially as setforth.

5. A clamping-frame for supporting the fileplateswhile sharpening the same, consisting otrside. plates having longitudinal tongue, and atop plate and transverse Ushaped clamps havngfsetfscrewsfor the side and top plates, substantially as set. forth.

lIn testimony that I claim the foregoing as Inyinvention I have signed my name in. presence of `two .subscribing witnessess.

LUDVIG MULLER.'

Witnesses;

O'rro WOLFF,

PAUL DRUOKMLLER. 

